
Termites
Family Rhinotermitidae
Color: Creamy brown
Legs: 6
Shape: Long, narrow, oval
Size: 1/8
Antennae: Yes
Flight: Yes
Subterranean termites live in underground colonies or in moist secluded
areas aboveground that can contain up to 2 million members. They build
distinctive "mud tubes" to gain access to food sources and to
protect themselves from open air. Termite colonies are organized into
castes depending on tasks -- workers, soldiers and reproductives. The
characteristics of a subterranean termite are dependent on the termite's
role in the colony. Cream-colored Worker subterranean termites are 1/8
to 3/8's of an inch in length. Soldier subterranean termites are of a
similar body length, but are distinguished by their powerful mandibles.
Solider termites have cream-colored bodies and brown heads. Reproductive
subterranean termites are approximately one inch long.
Habits
Subterranean termites live underground and build tunnels, referred to
as mud tubes, to reach food sources. Like other termite species, they
feed on products containing cellulose. Subterranean termites swarm in
the spring -- groups of reproductive termites go off to start new colonies.
Habitat
Subterranean termites need contact with the soil to survive and live underground.
They can build tunnels through cracks in concrete.
Threats
Subterranean termites are by far the most destructive species. They can
collapse a building entirely, meaning possible financial ruin for a homeowner.
The hard, saw-toothed jaws of termites work like shears and are able to
bite off extremely small fragments of wood, one piece at a time.
Prevention
Avoid water accumulation near your home's foundation. Divert water away
with properly functioning downspouts, gutters and splash blocks. Reduce
humidity in crawl spaces with proper ventilation. Never bury wood scraps
or waste lumber in the yard. Most importantly, eliminate wood contact
with the soil. Maintain a one-inch gap between the soil and wood portions
of the building.
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